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WINTERPROOF YOUR BODY
Dont be fooled by late sunshine. Winters on its way, and nows the
right time to boost your immune system. Avoid succumbing to colds and
flu in a few months by using our immune-boosting tips.
Dont be fooled by the sun still shining - autumn is on its way, bringing with it those unwelcome coughs, cold and flu.
Doctors surgeries will soon start filling up with sufferers and the worst months - January and February - usually see them overflowing with sneezing, shivering victims.
In Britain, the national average for each of us is about 2.5 colds a year. That means the average person spends around 20 days each year coughing, and blowing through reddened nostrils, and around 15% of us will have fallen victim to flu by February.
Most of us would love to have some convenient, effective way to avoid all that wretchedness, and luckily theres still time to become winter fit and improve your chances of avoiding infections.
Bear in mind, that for every person who has a cold there are two or three others who are infected but dont succumb.
So a healthy immune system, and taking other common sense precautions, can boost our chances of warding off infections and ensure that were in the healthy gang when cold weather and bugs strike.
Nutrition expert Patrick Holford, co-author of a new book, Food Is Better Medicine Than Drugs, believes the right combination of foods, supplements and general lifestyle changes can significantly benefit our health and help us ward off those germs.
He highlights his strategy for boosting the immune system. Dont smoke, have no more than one unit of alcohol a day, preferably not every day, and get enough sleep - between six to eight hours a day is ideal.
And he advises targeting those threatening cold germs by taking a supplement of 2-4g of vitamin C daily and making sure half your food is eaten raw and avoiding fried foods.
Follow our guide to winterproofing your body.
:: HYGIENE
Wash your hands frequently. The cold virus can spread from hand to hand via door handles, telephones, taps or communal tea and coffee mugs in offices, or even shaking hands with someone with a streaming cold.
Germs transfer into your body when you touch your mouth afterwards or rub your eye.
:: EAT MEAT
An average adult needs 40g to 60g (1 1/2 to 2oz) of protein daily. Only 1oz (35g) provides around 7g of protein, and the same amount is provided by an egg, an ounce of cheese or a glass of milk.
Meat is rich in selenium and zinc - two key minerals essential for a healthy immune system. Zinc is found in most red meat, pumpkin and sunflower seeds, milk, cheese and wholegrain cereals.
Catherine Collins of the British Dietetic Association, chief dietician at St Georges Hospital, London, says protein is a must: People who do not eat enough protein, such as vegans and those on a strict exclusion diet, will have a weaker immune system.
:: EXERCISE
Theres plenty of evidence that keeping fit by exercising boosts natural immunity and general health. Even 30 minutes a day, five times a week, will improve circulation and help keep your bodys defences on top form.
Avoid overdoing it as competitive athletes are often found to have lower antibody levels than sedentary people and some have fewer white cells, which may explain why they are often troubled by persistent sore throats and flu-like symptoms.
Researchers have found that those who have two hours daily moderate activity (including physical chores) have 30% fewer respiratory infections.
:: SLEEP
Getting enough sleep is vital and is your bodys way of repairing its defences so youre ready to fight infections.
Not getting enough sleep can reduce the effectiveness of the immune system by up to 50%, but avoid worrying about sleep problems - that worry does more harm than the lack of shuteye.
If you struggle with sleep try and improve bedtime preparations to help you relax and destress before you lie down. Try a warm lavender scented bath, a milky drink, or listen to relaxing music to help you drift off.
:: DONT SMOKE
Smoking damages your immune system and puts you at much higher risk of a range of common infections including sore throats and tonsillitis, but the chest is the most vulnerable area.
Smoke contains toxins that damage frontline defences and allow bacteria and viruses to get a hold. A simple cold can cause a chest infection in a 20-a-day smoker.
:: GARLIC
Garlic supplements rich in allicin do seem to offer some protection against the common cold, and can shorten the duration of symptoms in people who do catch a cold.
Another natural supplement which might help is Siberian Ginseng, which is widely used in Eastern Europe to boost immunity.
Around two trials showed it protected certain groups against flu and reduced the severity of cold sores.
:: DRINK TEA
Drinking tea has been found to aid the immune system. American research showed that the immune cells of volunteers who drank five small cups of black tea daily were better able to fight off disease than those who drank five cups of coffee daily.
Scientists have found that a chemical in tea, alkylamine antigen, is also present in some bacteria cells. Exposure to the chemical helps the body build up defences against bacteria.
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